Kidney Failure
Kidney failure (advanced CKD / stage 5) is life-changing news — but understanding your stage and options calmly is the first step to taking control.
Medically reviewed by the RIIMS nephrology team · Last updated: June 2026
What does kidney failure mean?
Kidney failure (advanced CKD, usually Stage 5 or ESKD with eGFR below 15) means the kidneys can no longer filter waste and fluid adequately on their own. Reaching Stage 5 does not automatically mean dialysis starts that day. That decision rests on the full clinical picture: your symptoms, potassium, fluid status, acid-base balance and overall health, not eGFR alone. Honest, report-based guidance helps you and your family understand where things stand and plan the realistic options calmly with your doctor.
Symptoms to watch for
- Severe tiredness and weakness
- Marked swelling in legs or face
- Very reduced urine output
- Nausea, vomiting or loss of appetite
- Breathlessness
- Confusion or other uremic symptoms
When to consult a kidney doctor
If you have been told your kidneys are failing, or eGFR is very low with worsening symptoms, seek a nephrology consultation promptly and bring all your reports. Sudden very low urine, breathlessness at rest, persistent vomiting or confusion needs emergency care.